Children with HAs and CIs produced similar phonological processes. CWHL showed a similar trend of age of elimination to CWNH, but at a slower rate. Results: Developmental phonological processes were eliminated in the speech of younger and older CWNH while eleven developmental phonological processes persisted in the speech of both age groups of CWHL. Speech samples obtained from a list of 88 words, derived from three standardized speech tests, were analyzed using the CASALA (Computer Aided Speech and Language Analysis) program to evaluate participants phonological systems, based on lax (a process appeared at least twice in the speech of at least two children) and strict (a process appeared at least five times in the speech of at least two children) counting criteria. Method: Children with hearing loss (CWHL, N = 25) were compared to children with normal hearing (CWNH, N = 30) with similar age, gender, linguistic, and socioeconomic backgrounds. A second aim was to compare phonological processes of HA and CI users. The findings indicate that it is important for clinicians to consider phonological assessment in pre-school CWHL and the use of evidence-based speech therapy in order to reduce non-developmental and non-age-appropriate developmental processes, thereby enhancing their speech intelligibility.Ībstract = 'Purpose: In this descriptive study, phonological processes were examined in the speech of children aged 5 0–7 6 (years months) with mild to profound hearing loss using hearing aids (HAs) and cochlear implants (CIs), in comparison to their peers. Conclusions: Developmental and non-developmental phonological processes persist in the speech of children with mild to profound hearing loss compared to their peers with typical hearing.

Final consonant deletion, weak syllable deletion, backing, and glottal replacement were present in the speech of HA users, affecting their overall speech intelligibility. Speech samples obtained from a list of 88 words, derived from three standardized speech tests, were analyzed using the CASALA (Computer Aided Speech and Language Analysis) program to evaluate participants’ phonological systems, based on lax (a process appeared at least twice in the speech of at least two children) and strict (a process appeared at least five times in the speech of at least two children) counting criteria. San Diego, CA: Singular Publishing Group, Inc.Purpose: In this descriptive study, phonological processes were examined in the speech of children aged 5 0–7 6 (years months) with mild to profound hearing loss using hearing aids (HAs) and cochlear implants (CIs), in comparison to their peers. Kent (Eds.), The new phonologies: Developments in clinical linguistics. A practical guide for families and teachers. Phonological processes are typically gone by these ages (in years months) PHONOLOGICAL PROCESSīowen, C. Įlimination of Phonological Processes in Typical Development Table 3: Elimination of Phonological Processes.

Table 3 - Elimination of Phonological Processes DetailsĬreated: Wednesday, 09 November 2011 08:50īowen, C.

Caroline bowen phonological processes